There are several classifications of dampening hinges

Friction Hinges: These hinges use friction to provide resistance to movement. They are commonly used in laptop screens and other applications where the hinge needs to stay in a specific position.
Hydraulic Hinges: These hinges use fluid or air to create resistance to movement. They are commonly used in heavy machinery and equipment, such as cranes or excavators.
Magnetic Hinges: These hinges use magnets to create resistance to movement. They are commonly used in cabinets and other applications where a soft-close feature is desired.
Spring Hinges: These hinges use a spring to provide resistance to movement. They are commonly used in doors and gates to help them close slowly and quietly.
Pneumatic Hinges: These hinges use air pressure to create resistance to movement. They are commonly used in industrial and automotive applications, such as heavy-duty toolboxes and automotive hoods.